Fanless switches rely on passive heat dissipation, often enhanced by rugged or finned enclosure designs that increase surface area and improve natural heat transfer. This design not only improves reliability but also supports operation in dusty or vibration-prone environments. In the driverless mining truck dispatch system at an open-pit coal mine in Ordos, Inner Mongolia, during summer when surface temperatures reached 65°C, ordinary switches frequently crashed due to overheating, causing five mining trucks to lose navigation control. Meanwhile, at a winter well site in. In general, semi-commercial or commercial-grade network switches are designed to operate within a temperature range of approximately 0°C to 45°C (32°F to 113°F).