Optical fiber provides higher bandwidth, lower latency, and greater immunity to electromagnetic interference compared to microwave links in point-to-point communication. Microwave point-to-point links used for backhaul connectivity operate across various frequency ranges, including 2 GHz, 6 GHz, 11 GHz, 18 GHz, 23 GHz, and 80 GHz. Examples of microwave systems are PDH (T1, E1), SONET/SDH, and Ethernet microwave. Microwave links offer cost-effective deployment and faster installation in challenging terrains where fiber optic cabling is. Compared to fibre optics, which is the main alternative, the microwave link has two major advantages: Low cost: the microwave link uses the air, so it does not require any civil engineering works between the transmitter and the receiver. This significantly reduces its cost. However, this technology. Affected by weather conditions: Microwave signals can be affected by weather conditions such as rain, fog, and snow, leading to signal degradation and potential outages. Limited range: Microwave backhaul has a shorter range compared to fiber optic cables, requiring frequent repeater stations for. Fiber optic backhaul is revered for its high capacity and reliability. However, such cables exhibit substantial attenuation losses, which rapidly.
